This paper shows why some countries are trapped in an equilibrium with high unofficial economic activity and corruption … unofficial economy and corruption activity …

The corruption is a secondary phenomenon, because there are economic preconditions causing it. Unless the achievement … ending, both of them may become the cause of corruption in the post-Communist transformation of the economy. In order to … restrict corruption and establish the institution of private property, it is necessary to legalize the existing results of …

corruption for 11 transition economies in the Central and Eastern Europe. Design/methodology/approach - The empirical analysis … and corruption and a weak linkage between non-tax revenue collection and corruption in the transition economies. We … implications - Through economic transitions, there might be a linkage between public expenditures and corruption index. Thus …