Urban science seeks to understand the fundamental processes that drive, shape and sustain cities and urbanization. It is a multi/transdisciplinary approach involving concepts, methods and research from the social, natural, engineering and computational sciences, along with the humanities. This...

Innovation and obsolescence describes dynamics of ever-churning and adapting social and biological systems from the development of economic markets and scientific progress to biological evolution. The shared aspect of this picture is that agents destroy and extend the "idea lattice" in which...

Scaling is a general analytical framework used by many disciplines — from physics to biology and the social sciences — to characterize how population–averaged properties of a collective vary with its size. The observation of scale invariance over some range identifies general system types,...

The issue of information uncertainty in the context of information security is increasingly important. Many users lack the ability to correctly estimate the true quality of the security software they purchase, as evidenced by some anecdotes and even some academic research. Yet, most of the...

While the fairness and accountability in machine learning tasks have attracted attention from practitioners, regulators, and academicians for many applications, their consequence in terms of stakeholders' welfare is under-explored, especially via empirical studies and in the context of insurance...

As college education has become one of the leading export industries in the U.S., issues related to international students have attracted increasing attention. In this paper, we investigate potential explanations for the recent expansion in enrollments of undergraduate international students,...

Fundamental understanding of ion transport in porous carbon materials with different pore size is of great importance for carbon electrode-based supercapacitors to realize the ability of rapid charge/discharge process and high energy density at wide operating temperatures. Herein, hierarchically...

This note links the commodity bundling literature with the literature on the private provision of public goods. We discuss the potential profitability of bundling strategies for both private firms and charitable organizations. Even in the absence of consumption complementarities, we show...

Many water utilities use outdoor watering restrictions based on assigned weekly watering days to promote conservation and delay costly capacity expansions. We find that such policies can lead to unintended consequences - customers who adhere to the prescribed schedule use more water than those...