This paper explores the price setting of demand-side flexibility, modelled as consumers’ voluntary load reduction, in distribution grids. It develops a long-term equilibrium optimization model with a bi-level setting for voluntary demand-side flexibility. In the Upper Level (UL), the...

In many countries, distribution grid tariffs are being reformed to adapt to the new realities of an electricity system with distributed energy resources. In Europe, legislative proposals have been made to harmonize these reforms across country borders. Many stakeholders have argued that...

A major problem in the expansion of renewable energies sources is finding the most adequate way to support them. The design of a suitable support scheme is necessary for an efficient development of renewable energies sources (RES). In Brazil, Many projects are delayed after getting the...