The EU electricity directive (96/92/EC) established the right of the member states to choose between Regulated and Negotiated Third Party Access (RTPA and NTPA). The interest group theory is able to explain whether the introduction of NTPA in Germany had been an interest group equilibrium under...

According to the European Directive on the sale of consumer goods, the German state must change the law for contracts between private buyers and commercial firms until end of year. In cases of defects sellers are liable for two years; for six months after delivering lack proving need no longer...