Using a sample of 24 US banks from 1997 to 2004, we examine the relationship between value-at-risk (VAR) for trading activities and banks' cost of equity capital. We show that the implied cost of equity capital and the bid-ask spread, both proxying for the cost of equity capital, is positively...

Firms invest non-trivial resources to avoid paying taxes. One of the presumed incentives for doing so is that it should increase the value of the firm. Surprisingly, a large number of studies find that tax expense is positively related to stock returns, suggesting that paying more taxes is good...

This paper examines the length of time over which CEO performance is evaluated (the “performance period”) in CEO performance-based equity awards (PBEAs). Departing from the primary emphasis of agency theory on moral hazard problems, we develop a model in which short performance periods are...

This paper investigates the validity and usefulness of “hybrid” valuation models. We recast the model in Ohlson and Johannesson (2016) as a hybrid of the Dividend Discount Model and an earnings-based price multiple model, and develop a new hybrid model that generalizes the Residual Income...