Simulation models play a central role in ecosystem research and management. They integrate understanding, and enable us to predict future behaviour and to explore alternative policy scenarios. However, there are major problems with current practice, including the cost of developing models, rapid...

The final industrial goal of this project is to develop a technology for high productivity casting of small round section bars (85 mm diameter) with ultrafine solidification structure that means equiaxed structure with very low segregation. The final target is to reach productivity per strand of...

The objective of this study was to assess empirically whether economies of scale and scope with respect to innovation outputs exist at the research project level. The assumption underlying European Union research and innovation policy - and for that matter many national policies - appears to be...

Direct geological disposal of spent fuel from nuclear energy production is a waste management strategy of many European member states. Disposal safety must be ensured for hundreds of thousands to millions of years. If one wants to put the highly radioactive used nuclear fuel within a...

This project aims to improve the toughness and ductility of high-strength steels by identifying the microstructure constituents which control these properties using new experimental techniques. The following steels - which are of high or ultra-high strength and for which improvement in toughness...

At the project start, the CRM mathematical model of the sintering process was able to simulate the emission of CO, but not of NOx. Concerning SOx emissions, the shape of the emission profile was correctly simulated but not the amplitude, because the latter depends on the sulphur input and also...

All materials used in a commercial nuclear power plant rely on the properties of its passivating oxide film to ensure the structural integrity and lowest activity build-up of the plant. The properties of the film, being a result of the manufacturing and the environment during the life of the...

Producing in a competitive way is not always an easy task. Enterprises are increasingly incorporating advanced information systems which reflect the reality of the company in order to be capable of taking decisions in the most appropriate way for profit. One of these widely emerging technologies...

Defect formation and the reactivity of weldable zinc-rich primers induced by it were studied cooperatively. The forming process leads to de-adhesion and microcrack formation between the zinc particles and the surrounding polymeric matrix. The density and size of such defects increase with the...

The final industrial goal of this project was to allow conventional and thin slab casters to reach the highest quality at the maximum casting speed, compatible with their metallurgical lengths. For this goal, the proposal was to reach regular solidification at high speed in a round billet and...