People underappreciate how their own behavior and exogenous factors affect their future utility, and thus exaggerate the degree to which their future preferences resemble their current preferences. We present evidence which demonstrates the prevalence of such projection bias, and develop a...

In this chapter, we present theories and applications of reference-dependent preferences. We provide some historical perspective, but also move quickly to the current research frontier, focusing on developments in reference dependence over the last 20 years. We present a number of worked...