Classic studies of the probability density of price fluctuations g for stocks and foreign exchanges of several highly developed economies have been interpreted using a power-law probability density function P(g)~g-(α1) with exponent values α2, which are outside the Levy-stable regime 0α2. To...

Ralph N. Elliott wrote the wave principle in 1938. In 1975 Benoit B. Mandelbrot coined the term fractal and in 1982 published his ideas in "The Fractal Geometry of Nature." The book brought fractals into the mainstream of professional and popular mathematics. In February 1999, Benoit Mandelbrot...