(GDP) is Wagner's law. This law was developed in the late-19th century by Adolph Wagner (1835-1917), a prominent German … expenditure and real GDP is tested using three versions of Wagner's law. Design/methodology/approach To test the validity of … long-term relationship between GDP and government expenditure. Moreover, the causal relationship is found to be bi …

predictive power for GDP data revisions. A positive (negative) error in Okun's Law in real time implies that GDP will be later … about the true state of real economic activity also helps to improve GDP forecasts in the near term. Our findings add a new … a change in potential GDP, the equilibrium unemployment rate, or the use of labor's intensive margin. …

revisions of GDP growth rates in Macedonia. Accordingly, we use various statistical tools for testing the "news" and "noise …" hypotheses and empirically assess if GDP data revisions are unbiased and efficient and vice versa. The results based on different … empirical approaches in general provide mixed results about the predictability of GDP revisions, although the empirical evidence …