This paper explores the possibility of cointegration existing between processes integrated at different frequencies. Using the demodulator operator, we show that such cointegration can exist and explore its form using both complex- and real-valued representations. A straightforward approach to...

This paper identifies and estimates the relevant cycles in paleoclimate data of earth temperature, ice volume and CO2. Cyclical cointegration analysis is used to connect these cycles to the earth eccentricity and obliquity and to see that the earth surface temperature and ice volume are closely...