We propose an estimation strategy that accounts for two major problems raised in the empirical literature testing for the prevalence of the inverted U-shaped relation between environmental degradation and economic activity, namely the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. First, we use...

Calculation of vegetation indices, especially Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), has become one of the most successful, popular and traditional attempts in biogeographical research methods, because NDVI has certain advantages over other vegetation indices or band combinations. The...

The logistic function is one of the most useful mathematical models that can be utilised for various practical, real-life data, such as forecasting sea ice extent. This study aims to determine what logistic function is and how it can help forecast a time series problem, as in our case, a sea ice...

This paper presents a procedure for studying industrial performance and related issues such as changes in the wage structure. This procedure combines cluster analysis and discriminant analysis as a package, and applies this package to time series data. This enables us to organize industrial data...

The seminal work of Fudenberg and Tirole [Preemption and Rent Equalization in the Adoption of New Technology, Rev. Econ. Stud., 1985] on how preemption erodes the value of an option to wait raises general questions about the relation between models in discrete and continuous time and thus about...

This paper discusses the levels and trend of external reserves in Nigeria. The relevance of this lies in the fact that it could help to monitor the reserves and throw early warning signal about any economic crisis. Monthly data on Nigeria external reserves for the period January 1999 to...

This paper proposes three short-term forecasting models for the adjusted external reserves using the seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA), seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average with an exogenous input (SARIMA-X) and an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL)...