A new two-way map between time domain and numerical magnitudes or values domain (v-dom) provides a new solution to heteroscedasticity. Since sorted logs of squared fitted residuals are monotonic in the v-dom, we obtain a parsimonious fit there. Two theorems prove consistency, asymptotic...

A popular F test of Granger-causality relies on normally distributed errors of ordinary least squares (OLS) linear regressions. There is a long-standing need for a user-friendly algorithm replacing the OLS by kernel regressions, and the F test by a bootstrap. This paper introduces a version...

Heterogeneous global trends in asset prices and savings affect the macro economy. Our challenge is to use limited data to make inference regarding underlying causes. In general, government and business decision makers, FDIC type regulators and risk professionals need quantitative tools to help...