Purpose: The train dispatching is a crucial issue in the train operation adjustment when passenger flow outbursts. During holidays, the train dispatching is to meet passenger demand to the greatest extent, and ensure safety, speediness and punctuality of the train operation. In this paper, a...

Companies can gain significant advantages from the integrated optimization of production, inventory, and routing in a supply chain. The production routing problem (PRP), which aims to jointly optimize production, inventory, and vehicle routing, is motivated in this fashion. In actuality, the...