Transportation is the second largest overhead cost to humanitarian organizations after personnel. The international 4x4 Field Vehicle Fleet size is estimated between 70,000 and 80,000 units with a cost above $1 billion per year. Nevertheless, academic knowledge about fleet management in...

International Humanitarian Organizations (IHO) often implement relief and development programs simultaneously. With headquarters in Europe or USA and programs (operations) in developing countries, IHO are frequently decentralized. Moreover, IHO program delivery is funded by donors and funding is...