The present paper explores the effect of trade liberalization on the level of productivity as well as the rate of productivity growth in an R&D-based model with heterogeneous firms. We introduce new and plausible features that are absent in existing studies. First, technical progress takes the...

In this paper, we examine the effects of liberalization on industrial location and national welfare in a framework of new economic geography. Specifically, we explicitly incorporate arbitrary trade costs in both differentiated-good and homogeneous-good sectors into a two-country model, and...

To explain the spatial selection of vertically di fferentiated firms, this paper incorporates heterogeneous preferences and heterogeneous quality productions into a framework of the footloose capital model, in which labor is immobile. In two regions with identical population size, when trade...