We test whether momentum-based strategies remain profitable after considering market frictions induced by trading. Intra-day data are used to estimate alternative measures of proportional (spread) and non- proportional (price impact) trading costs. A cross-sectional model of the relation between...

We study market-making high-frequency trader (HFT) dynamics around large institutional trades in Canadian equities markets using order-level data with masked trader identification. Following a regulatory change that negatively affected HFT order activity, we find that bid-ask spreads increased...