In the container pre-marshalling problem (CPMP) n items are given that belong to G different item groups (g=1,…,G) and that are piled up in up to S stacks with a maximum stack height H. A move can shift one item from one stack to another one. A sequence of moves of minimum length has to be...

In this paper, we extend the vehicle routing problem with clustered backhauls (VRPCB) to an integrated routing and three-dimensional loading problem, called VRPCB with 3D loading constraints (3L-VRPCB). In the VRPCB each customer is either a linehaul or a backhaul customer and in each route all...