The purpose of this paper is to explore the correlation between the technological proximity measures in three areas: USA, Japan and Europe. In each economic area, we use information from two international patent systems to construct the technological proximity for 240 international firms. In...

This paper examines the sources of Europe's lagging business R&D performance relative to the US, particularly the role played by missing young leading innovators in high technology intensive sectors in Europe. It investigates through econometric analysis differences in the rates of return to R&D...