The dynamic duality econometric approach with the case of multiple outputs is applied to the US cigarette manufacturing industry to test for the presence of adjustment costs and quasi-fixed inputs with regard to stocks of capital and tobacco. Capital and tobacco stocks are found to be...

Following the approach of Berndt, Fuss, and Waverman, a dynamic model for U.S. cigarette manufacturing is developed and factor demands estimated. Tobacco and capital stocks are treated as quasi-fixed inputs. The results indicate that there are significant adjustment costs associated with...