Using life table measures, we compare educational differentials in all-cause mortality at ages 40 to 70 in Bulgaria to those in Finland and the United States. Specifically, we assess whether the relationship between education and mortality is modified by marital status. Although high education...

During the 1920s and early 1930s, fertility in American municipalities declined overall and with large variation between areas and across time. Using data for 1923-1932 on fertility and public spending for over 50 large cities, we show that the local government programs of health education and...

Background: We aim to investigate to what extent gender inequality at the labor market explains higher depression risk for older US women compared to men. Methods: We analyze data from 35,699 US adults aged 50-80 years that participated in the Health and Retirement Study. We calculate the gender...