The paper examines efficiency, productivity and scale economies in the U.S. property-liability insurance industry …. Productivity change is analyzed using Malmquist indices, and efficiency is estimated using data envelopment analysis (DEA). The … significant gains in total factor productivity, and there is an upward trend in scale and allocative efficiency. More diversified …

, for determining efficiency in the presence of radial and nonradial inputs or outputs. Further extension of the scheme … occurred to address nonseparable desirable and undesirable outputs. Applying the model to measure the overall efficiency of U … overall management and environmental efficiency between 1996 and 2000 …

return to economy wide growth may automatically correct some over production. -- data envelopment ; productivity ; efficiency … undergone productivity and efficiency changes, partly due to managerial performance, during the 2005-09 academic years. Using …, productivity gains appeared in concert with the crisis. Managerial efficiency tended to hamper productivity gains but, on the …