We study the influence of agricultural labor intensity on individualism across U.S. counties. To measure historical labor intensity in agriculture we combine data on crop-specific labor requirements and county-specific crop mix around 1900. To address endogeneity we exploit climate-induced...

While the adverse impacts of land inequality have often been documented, the origins of this inequality are less commonly discussed. One hypothesis, most recently associated with the work of Engerman and Sokoloff, holds that the type of crops available for production dictated the initial land...