This paper discusses and compares the implications of U.S. and E.U. standards for antitrust standing and antitrust injury with respect to private enforcement. In the U.S. these concepts are relatively well defined. In the E.U. they are still subject to a period of interpretation. The comparison...

The paper illustrates how the EU and U.S. antitrust systems are coming closer to each other in their extent of federalism or decentralization. It explores how plural antitrust enforcement models can be made future-proof, also considering the involvement of courts and legislators as evaluators in...

This paper looks at how EU and U.S. competition laws deal with restrictions of online sales in distribution agreements, respectively. The growing importance of online commerce highlights how vertical competition law enforcement is still an important building block of competition law policies,...