Applied research on growth and innovation would seem to suggest that successful innovations do not enhance firm expansion significantly. This article tests the hypothesis that the level of observation typical of applied research hampers the identification of a significant association between...

A Structural Marginal Model and Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting (IPTW) estimation strategy is proposed in a dynamic 2-dimensional treatment setting in order to identify and estimate both the direct and the indirect average treatment effects of a policy over time. This approach is used...