Globally, the unravelling of the corporate scandals leading to big multinational firms stumbling down to bankruptcy suits caused enormous loss of wealth to the investors. This study explores how the earnings management and capital structure can signal an early stage of the distressed financial...

Whether to invest in process development that can reduce the unit cost and thereby raise future profits or to conserve cash and reduce the likelihood of bankruptcy is a key concern faced by many startups firms that have taken on debt. We explore this concern by examining the production quantity...

We study the leverage of U.S. firms over their life cycles and the connection between firm leverage, firm growth, and aggregate shocks. We construct a new dataset that combines private and public firms’ balance sheets with firm-level data from U.S. Census Bureau’s Longitudinal Business...