Early strategy scholars have pointed to the importance of reflecting on moral issues within the scope of strategic management. Although strategy content and context have been discussed in relation to ethical reflection, the third aspect, strategy process, has found little or no attention with...

Confronted with mounting pressure to ensure accountability vis-à-vis customers, citizens and beneficiaries, organizational leaders need to decide how to choose and implement so-called accountability standards. Yet while looking for an appropriate standard, they often base their decisions on...

Although accountability standards (e.g. the Global Reporting Initiative and SA 8000) have made their way on to the agendas of managers and researchers, a model to compare and analyze these tools in a systematic way is a conspicuous omission. This paper aims to develop such a model. First, we...