In most emerging markets, small and medium enterprises (SMEs), lack access to the credit and liquidity they require for their daily working capital needs. This is partly due to the fact that the credit risk of such businesses is typically difficult to assess and their working capital needs are...

In 2010, IFC conducted a study to estimate the number of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in the world, and to determine the degree of access to credit and use of deposit accounts for formal and informal MSMEs. The study used primarily data from the World Bank Enterprise Surveys...

Corporate credit growth in China has been excessive in recent years. This credit boom is related to the large increase in investment after the Global Financial Crisis. Investment efficiency has fallen and the financial performance of corporates has deteriorated steadily, affecting asset quality...

Corporate credit growth in China has been excessive in recent years. This credit boom is related to the large increase in investment after the Global Financial Crisis. Investment efficiency has fallen and the financial performance of corporates has deteriorated steadily, affecting asset quality...

This paper looks at the impediments women face, compared with men, when trying to access finance. It pays particular attention to the structure of the banking system and women's socio-economic participation. Our results suggest that women are more likely to be excluded from the formal financial...

Studies on financial inclusion have so far focused on understanding the determinants of overall access to finance, while a small but growing literature has attempted to study the impediments that women face when trying to access finance. This paper contributes to this literature by understanding...