The paper concerns the social ecology of the city. It shows the different types of threats which metropolitan environment creates for citizens: lifestyle, social dissonance, security, management, enslavement, architectural weariness, identity, aesthetics, artificiality, self-government and...

Sustainability essentially involves maintaining level of per capita well-being over time. With coming of the concept of sustainability the line of distinction existing between Human and society got vanished and there was a paradigm shift to understanding the various dimension of human society...

Resource-based cities were once the backbone of Chinese economy for decades. When natural resources were depleted, however, these cities become negative assets of China and urgently need sustainable transition. Given the vast number of resource-exhausted cities in China, their success...

The management of dynamic and complex urban systems can no longer be driven by the sustainability aim alone and the concept of New Public Management is not more sufficient in conditions of financial constraints, growing needs, growing social awareness and expectations relating participation,...

Today the concept of sustainable development has been adopted as a basis for promoting development at all levels of territorial organisation. While generally worked out for the global level, this conception has also attained a local dimension, after the local Agenda 21 had been drawn up at the...