Risk is inherent to the pursuit of opportunity. This paper surveys the recent literature and looks at the risks and opportunities firms and their workers face in the global value chains. First, it examines the risk-sharing mechanisms that firms provide from the national and global perspectives;...

Globalization has transformed how nations, firms and workers compete in the international economy over the past half century. This book by Gary Gereffi, one of the founders of the Global Value Chains (GVC) framework, traces the emergence of arguably the most influential approach used to analyze...

As Africa continues to attract record numbers of international arrivals, there are industry undercurrents that influence the continent's participation in tourism value chains. African tourism is characterized by high foreign demand, which elevates the position of global lead firms and increases...