In the truck and trailer routing problems (TTRPs) a fleet of trucks and trailers serves a set of customers. Some customers with accessibility constraints must be served just by truck, while others can be served either by truck or by a complete vehicle (a truck pulling a trailer). We propose a...

The fast rates at which urban population is growing coupled with increasing demands expressed within cities have given rise to challenging freight transportation problems. The Two-echelon Vehicle Routing Problem (2E-VRP) has been proposed as a scheme to tackle city-related problems. To better...