We present in this paper the application of a cross entropy method (CEM) to the vehicle routing problem (VRP). The CEM is a heuristic based on the statistical method of importance sampling for rare event simulation. We found that the CEM can be easily adapted to different versions of the VRP,...

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a novel family of games related to congested networks. Traffic routing has been extensively analyzed from the non-cooperative aspect. A common assumption is that each individual optimizes his route in the network selfishly. However looking at the same...

We consider a multi-service transportation system in which passengers are heterogeneous along two dimensions, namely ideal departure time and value of time, leading to both horizontal and vertical differentiation. We investigate the behavior of passengers, and assess how service pricing and...