In wintertime, snowfall causes road blockages especially in areas located at high altitudes and consequently interrupts daily activities of dwellers in these areas. Damavand is a city located in the Alborz mountain range whose roads are mostly covered by snow in winter. An initial action to open...

This paper considers a single-sourcing network design problem for a three-level supply chain. For the first time, a novel mathematical model is presented considering risk-pooling, the inventory existence at distribution centers (DCs) under demand uncertainty, the existence of several...