The asymmetrical distribution of debris-flow velocity in a cross-section has long been observed and is currently regarded as one of the most essential issues in debris-flow research. Due to a lack of quantitative models for the velocity distributions of debris flows, most studies consider only...

Debris flow moves in the form of surge waves and consists of dozens or even hundreds of surges that are separated in time and space and have a variety of appearances, as exemplified in Jiangjia Gully, China. Observations there indicate that the deposit is made up by superposition of successive...