The topic of this paper is to analyze comparatively the interest and the advantages of the existence of heterogeneous institutions in the Venture Capital activity. We focus on the duality relevant in Europe between Independent Venture Capitalists and the Bank-Affiliated ones. We first discuss in...

Using a sample of 212 IPOs, this paper analyzes the impact of venture capital involvement on the survival time of French IPOs. We find that the ability of venture capitalists to improve the survival of companies is related to the duration of their investment. We show that venture capitalists do...