The present contribution analyses the CJEU cases 'Faber' and 'Duarte Hueros', taking into account the debate on ‘effectiveness' and ‘procedural autonomy'. The aim of this contribution is therefore to express some observations concerning the Consumer Sales Directive and practicable ways to...

Unfair terms law as an area of consumer contract law becomes more and more important and, within the European context, new forms of enforcement are discussed in order to augment the level of effectiveness of consumer protection. Personalization of the law could have a significant impact on the...