We use a dynamic framework to address the questions: i) when should an insurance firm pay out dividends and raise (costly) capital and ii) when should an insurance firm take (liquid) investment risk. Financial decisions are made by a manager who strives to maximize firm value and operates in the...

Limited liability creates a conict of interests between policyholders and shareholders ofinsurance companies. It provides shareholders with incentives to increase the risk of theinsurer's assets and liabilities which, in turn, might reduce the value policyholders attach toand premiums they are...