Existing studies on cross holding usually overlook the effects of vertically related markets. Our paper, by considering different upstream market structures, highlights the importance of upstream market on downstream firms' incentives to engage cross holding and the consequent welfare...

We study mass customization in a duopoly game in which the firms' products have different qualities. Whether customization choices are made simultaneously or sequentially is endogenously determined. Specifically, the customization stage of the game involves two periods. Each firm either selects...

We follow the framework in Arya and Mittendorf (2011) but extend their analysis by investigating supplier(s)' equilibrium choices of disclosure or confidentiality regarding their contract terms with the downstream retailers. In the case of a common supplier, we find that the unique SPNE is for...