, in particular, had not yet been confronted with non-European refugees. This changed after 1978 with the influx of around … offers a strategic case for understanding factors that shaped the arrival and resettlement experiences of Vietnamese refugees … not be uniformly positive for immigrants and refugees to have an integration experience deemed successful. …

among Vietnamese refugees using American Community Survey data from 1980 to 2015 and survey data. We examine how this ethnic …, occupation, and income. Third, we seek to explain what enables Vietnamese refugees and their children to overcome initial …