This paper introduces a new model-free approach to measuring the expectation of market variance using VIX derivatives. This approach shows that VIX derivatives carry different information about future variance than S&P 500 (SPX) options, especially during the 2008 financial crisis. I find that...

This paper reports that the volatility-of-volatility implied by VIX options has predictability for tail risk hedging returns. Specifically, an increase in the volatility-of-volatility as measured by the VVIX index raises current prices of tail risk hedging options, such as S&P 500 puts and VIX...

This paper examines the option pricing implications of short-run and long-run volatility factors, which are assumed to be driven by short-run and long-run news events, respectively. Using a comprehensive dataset of S&P 500 index options over 1993-2008, I find that the proposed two-factor...

This paper reports on tail risk premiums in two tail risk hedging strategies: the S&P 500 puts and the VIX calls. As a new measure of tail risk, we suggest using a model-free, risk-neutral measure of the volatility of volatility implied by a cross section of the VIX options, which we call the...