Because of concern that OECD tariff reductions will translate into worsening export performance for the least developed countries, trade preferences have proven a stumbling block to developing country support for multilateral liberalization. The authors examine the actual scope for preference...

Global trade and investment is increasingly characterized by systemic conflicts, giving rise to unilateral policies to attain competitiveness, national security and other noneconomic objectives. Disparate national measures motivated by all these objectives targeting the global value chains...

One feature of globalization is that barriers to international competition have come to be associated with differences in regulatory policies that increase the costs of engaging in cross-border sales. Such non-tariff measures (NTMs) have attracted growing attention from policy makers and raise...

Moving beyond the border : introduction and overview / Joseph Francois & Bernard Hoekman -- NTMs : data concepts and sources / Marie Luise Rau & Achim Vogt -- Regulatory bindings, policy uncertainty, and market access in services / Peter Egger, Joseph Francois, Bernard Hoekman, & Miriam Manchin...