This study brings together work-in-progress on a long-term project to identify and analyse the 'cost of non-Europe' in a number of policy fields. This concept, first pioneered by the European Parliament in the 1980s, is used here to quantify the potential efficiency gains in today's European...

This study brings together work in progress on a long-term project to identify and analyse the 'cost of non-Europe' in a number of policy fields. This concept, first pioneered by the European Parliament in the 1980s, is used here to quantify the potential efficiency gains in today's European...

The European Union stepped up its action in the area of health - a shared competence between the EU and its Member States - in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Yet, the EU lacks a joint health policy that recognises health as a public good. This study investigates three areas where there is...