A simple manipulation of the cointegrated framework proposed by Lettau and Ludvigson (2001, 2004) allows to demonstrate that temporary fluctuations of the U.S. consumption-wealth ratio predict excess returns on international stock markets. This finding is the reflection of an important common,...

We propose and test multifactor models that break the conventional value and momentum factors on the basis of firm size and build separate factors comprised of small stocks, which we call “small-stock value and momentum factors”, and big stocks, which we call “big-stock value and momentum...