is enormous: billionaires. We explore the relationship between economic development, institutions, and these contrasting … ones consistent with billionaires. Further, only the latter are consistent with the institutions that underlie economic … billionaires. But self-employed entrepreneurs don't. Where private property rights are weakly protected and interventionist …

inequality from Forbes magazine's listing of billionaires and compare its effect on growth to the effects of income inequality … billionaires acquired wealth through political connections, the effect of politically connected wealth inequality is negative …

The purpose of this paper is to analyses the importance of billionaires in the economy of the 21st century. We assume … that rich people and organizations existed since civilization exists, but billionaires are a different phenomenon and they … appear within a very specific context. This paper analyses the cause of the existence of billionaires and also discusses some …