We analyse how the effectiveness of price-based and quantity-based macroprudential measures vary by the level of financial development, using panel data for 37 advanced and emerging market economies over 1996–2011. First, we find that quantity-based measures effectively smooth the variations...

In early 2020, the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) Representative Office for the Americas contacted a group of nine central banks that includes the members of the Consultative Council of the Americas (CCA) except the US Federal Reserve (Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia,...