Prior studies show that equity value has convex relations with earnings and book value of equity, respectively, due to growth and adaptation options (Burgstahler and Dichev 1997a; Zhang 2000). These studies, however, do not consider the role of institutions in affecting firms' ability to exercise...

We examine how information disclosures from private firms affect analysts’ public firm earnings forecasts. On one hand, private firm disclosures allow analysts to better understand industry-wide business conditions, enabling them to forecast the peer public firm earnings more accurately. On...