We estimate the premium associated with time-varying market betas without using rolling betas or instruments. Instead, we use a new conditional-risk factor, which is a market timing strategy defined as the unexpected return on the market times the ex ante price of risk. The factor is a powerful...

We review the literature on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on financial markets. We first document several key facts about equity and fixed income markets during this period. We then discuss various literatures that analyze broad movements in prices, market dislocations, and the impact of...

Firms' perceived cost of green capital has decreased since the rise of sustainable investing. Green and brown firms perceived their cost of capital to be the same before 2016, but after the post-2016 surge in sustainable investing, green firms perceived their cost of capital to be on average 1...

Climate capitalists invest in green firms in order to lower these firms' cost of capital and thereby stimulate green investments. This "green investing" channel only works if green firms actually reduce their perceived cost of capital and discount rates in response to green investing. Using data...