1. The meaning of 'investment' in the ICSID Convention -- 2. The legal impact of notifications under Article 25(4) of the ICSID Convention -- 3. The role of an investment arbitrator and the use of non-binding documents and literature in investment arbitration -- 4. The minimum standard of...

The article argues that contemporary international arbitration is currently beset by a "legitimacy" problem, deriving from the procedures that have been adopted to adjust arbitration to the resolution of international disputes. Specifically, the article argues that contemporary international...

The operation of MFN clauses in international investment agreements is one of the most controversial areas of international investment law, and is currently dominated by a teleological approach called the "non-discrimination" interpretation. According to this approach MFN clauses should be...