The green bond market develops rapidly and aims to contribute to climate mitigation and adaptation significantly. Green bonds as any asset are subject to transition climate risk, namely, regulatory risk. This paper investigates the impact of unexpected political events on the risk and returns of...

How sensitive is Earth's climate to a given increase in atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations? This long-standing and fundamental question in climate science was recently analyzed by dynamic panel data methods using extensive spatiotemporal data of global surface temperatures, solar...

In this study, we investigate the dynamic relationship between return and liquidity in the Brent and the West Texas Intermediate (WTI) oil markets. The research utilises daily oil price and volume data and monthly macroeconomic data from January 1, 1996 to April 28, 2023 obtained from the Energy...

Using a data set on climate risk constructed by Google BERT (AI) algorithm, fine-tuned by Kölbel et al. (2022), we demonstrate that physical climate risk is materialized in US stock markets. This premium is positive, both statistically and economically significant (1.5% to 2.7% annually),...