This study identifies and analyses best practices in biodiversity conservation and nature restoration across European cities and regions, and assesses how they relate to the targets of the Kunming Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF). The study touches upon governance, policy frameworks,...

The main objective of this study is to map climate and energy-related initiatives and assess their usefulness for the LRAs, as well as to provide recommendations for the LRAs on how to improve the functioning of the initiatives in order to make them more transparent, user-friendly and helpful...

In late 2019 the European Commission published its Fitness Check for the Water Framework Directive, the Floods Directive, and the daughter Directives. The Fitness Check concluded that these Directives are 'largely fit for purpose', identifying areas that are working well and areas for...

Directive 2001/42/EC on the assessment of the effects of certain plans and programmes on the environment ('Strategic Environmental Assessment' - 'SEA Directive') requires certain public plans and programmes (PPs) to undergo an environmental assessment before they are adopted. The aim of this...

The Guidance on Integrating Climate Change and Biodiversity into Environmental Impact Assessment aims to help Member States improve the way in which climate change and biodiversity are integrated in Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs) carried out across the EU. This summary gives a brief...

The comparative study provides an overview of the situation in the 27 EU Member States and the EFTA/EEA countries (Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway), as regards access to justice in gender equality and anti-discrimination law. It addresses procedural guarantees, the requirement for an...