Die Deutsche Ausgleichsbank (DtA) stellt mit den von ihr angebotenen Programmen zur Unterstützung und Finanzierung von Existenz- und Unternehmensgründungen mehr als 80 Prozent der in Deutschland in diesem Bereich vergebenen Mittel bereit. Der Erfolg dieser Programme wurde schon in einigen...

In this paper we examine causal effects of German public assistance programs for young firms administered by the Deutsche Ausgleichsbank (DtA). The empirical analysis is based on a combined data set with information from the ZEW Entrepreneurship Study and the DtA data base that contains all...

In the 1980s and 1990s successive United Kingdom governments enacted a series of reforms to establish a more market-oriented economy, closer to the American model and further away from its Western European competitors. Today, the United Kingdom is one of the least regulated economies in the...

This paper is an exploratory analysis of the role that banks play in supporting the mechanism of exchange. It considers a model economy in which exchange activities are facilitated and coordinated by a self-organizing network of entrepreneurial trading firms. Collectively, these firms play the...